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The Melatonin Myth

The Toxic Conspiracy
Feeding Your Monkey Brain
& Keeping You Awake

“Wait, melatonin is a hormone?.”
Melatonin is certainly not some herb that comes from the
ground.
Melatonin, like testosterone, is a hormone your body creates.
So it makes you think…
Is an entire population of desperate and sleep-deprived
people abusing an over-the-counter hormone?
Well, many countries have already banned its use…
“melatonin has been banned for years in the United Kingdom (UK), European Union, Japan, Australia, and most recently Canada.” [1]
Michael Breus, Ph.D., a sleep disorder specialist, warns:
“Melatonin is a sleep regulator, not a sleep initiator.” [2]

Harvard, MayoClinic, and Cleveland clinic have approved melatonin for short-term use.

But what about the long-term?

What are the implications?

Will you ever be able to fall asleep without it?

If you struggle with sleep, there’s a good chance you’ve tried melatonin.

But who can blame you?

When you lay awake in bed “counting sheep,” getting more
ants as each minute passes, you’ll try ANYTHING.
I did.

I Still Remember The Night
I Decided “Enough Was Enough”

I was in my twenties, working two full-time jobs. Forty hours in the gym as a trainer. Forty hours for myself as an independent contractor.

I went from sleeping 8 hours to less than 4.

I remember how quickly that started to wear on me.

I never had good sleep.

But now, I wasn’t even in bed long enough to give my body a chance.

I thought to myself: What if there’s a way to get the same sleep quality in half the time.

Instead of 8 hours, 4.

So I tried everything under the sun.

Long story short, I crashed.

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My nervous system was fried

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My energy was shot

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My motivation was in the dumps, and
let’s not even talk about my sex drive

Not to mention other weird things started happening…

I started reacting to nearly everything I ate.

I’d feel bloated, tired, and
uncomfortable
no matter how
healthy the meal was.
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So I called it quits…

I gave up most of my shifts and went from sleeping just 4 hours to sleeping for 10.

I was desperate to get things right.

But despite sleeping all the time, I never felt rested.

Eventually, when things went unchanged,
I invested over $45,000 into my sleep:

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Faraday cages (to block EMFs)

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PMs that send waves to my body

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Ion oxygen machine

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Double blackout shades in my entire room

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State of the art air purifiers

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And I've been doing sleep experiments with different
substances nonstop for about five years.

Despite getting benefits from a lot of the “expensive” equipment…

I’ve found just a tiny handful of hacks that have transformed how I sleep and have sent my sleep scores through the roof.

But it’s not just my scores…
I’ve replicated these transformational results with
hundreds of other individuals WITHOUT failure.
Matt Gallant

Hey, I’m Matt Gallant, a former insomniac who was held back by one thing, my 💩 sleep.

Now, as a self-proclaimed biohacker…

I have become a lab rat.

Yet there is nothing I am more passionate about than sleep…

Because sleep is the master switch to a higher being and better life…

Want to be more productive, lose weight,
improve digestion, or have better sex?
It all starts with sleep…

Sleep Is The Most Potent Nootropic,
Fat Burner,
Mood Stabilizer, And
Testosterone Booster.

But I don’t need to tell you that.

You already know.

So if you’ve “tried everything” to fall asleep without hope or if you can’t seem to get a good night's rest despite sleeping enough…

What I’m about to share might seem counterintuitive, unorthodox, or plain stupid…

But it just flat-out works.

And in just a few moments, you’ll discover WHY it works like nothing you’ve ever tried before…

Ditch The Melatonin, Fall Asleep In Minutes,
And Wake Up Feeling Superhuman

Simple sleep

This simple sleep hack will unlock a new level of mental and physical performance you’ve NEVER experienced before.

Listen…

Silicon Valley is hunting for a magic potion to cut their sleeping time in half…

While getting the same quality of sleep from 4 hours instead of 8.

Sound like science fiction?

Just do the math with me:

There are two forms of
restorative sleep, or
“productive” sleep as we call it.

#1 REM sleep which is when you dream.

The brain is cleared of toxins, repaired, and replenished.

#1 REM sleep #2 REM sleep
#2 NREM (or deep sleep) is when the body is 13-23% spent in deep sleep.

REM sleep accounts for about the same amount if you’re a healthy sleeper.

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…but with 70 million people in just the US having sleep struggles[3]

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…the average person getting 6.8 hours of sleep a nigh[4]

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…and sleep environments are being consumed by technology, blue light, and distraction…

How much quality, restorative,
productive sleep are
YOU getting?

The rise of sleep technology like Oura ring has given us a peek inside the average person’s sleep quality.

And the results are shocking.

Oura ring

This isn’t even the worst of it.

These are results from a wide spectrum of people…

From entrepreneurs, engineers, Moms…

20 to 75 years of age…

And the truth is…

Even if you sleep 7 hours (not just time spent in bed) and get the optimal amount of restorative sleep…

You’ll spend approximately 55 to 97 minutes in deep NREM sleep and 55 to 97 minutes in REM sleep…

At BEST, you’ll get just over 3 hours of restorative sleep.

So is 4 hours so far-fetched now?

Most people “push through” and just find a way to “make it work”...

While others have no clue they’re operating at a fraction of their true potential, causing a host of unexplainable symptoms that extend behind tiredness like:

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Irritability

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Mood changes

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Weight gain

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Low motivation

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Unhealthy blood sugar control

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Difficulty focusing and remembering

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Reduced sex drive

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And I shouldn't have to mention a host of
more serious, long-term health problems

symptoms

You already know the importance of high-quality, restorative sleep.

I’m simply showing you how to make the most of every minute you spend under the sheets.

What I’m about to reveal to you has amounted to almost unexplainable levels of restorative sleep, despite not following the recommended 8 hours…

So if you want to experience a new level of performance, productivity, and energy…

And discover what an optimal night’s sleep really feels like, read very closely.

This case study will break down with irrefutable science why nothing has ever worked for you…

The findings from over $45,000 spent on my own sleep journey…

And what science has to say about how to get MORE deep, restorative sleep.

Because I’m willing to bet, even if you don’t know it or aren’t willing to admit it…

You’re a victim of poor sleep quality…

And with a few simple shifts to your neurobiology, we can optimize your mental and physical performance during the day…

You’ll become UNSTOPPABLE.

These Unorthodox Methods Immediately
Multiply
Your Deep Sleep,
No Matter How
Stubborn
Your Monkey Brain Is…

You may be familiar with how certain activities like meditation or hypnosis can alter brainwaves (gamma, beta, alpha, theta, delta)...

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison have found that during meditation, Zen Buddhist monks show an extraordinary synchronization of brain waves known as gamma synchrony—a pattern increasingly associated with robust brain function and the synthesis of activity that we call the mind. [5]

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Brainwaves can cause you to feel an “out of body experience.”

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Brainwaves can cause you to feel “in the zone.”

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Brainwaves can cause you to feel agitated, overwhelmed, and helpless.

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Brainwaves can catapult you into deep sleep or keep you awake for hours

If you struggle to fall asleep…

And if you experience what I call the “monkey brain,” your mind starts racing the moment you hit the pillow (no matter how tired you are)...

You’re stuck in beta – the brainwave responsible for keeping us alert, focused, and aware of our surroundings…

…the last thing you want when trying to fall asleep.

So you can probably imagine if you had ultimate, split-second, or even unconscious control over your brain waves, you’d be unstoppable.

With a snap of your fingers, you could fall asleep, enter deep sleep almost instantly and wake up alert, without any grogginess that you’d experience from taking melatonin.

In fact, with this level of mind control, nothing is impossible.

You will have the ability to tap into new parts of your brain like you’re Bradley Cooper in Limitless.

I’m not saying this is like some superpower, but it’s as close as you’ll get.

So the secret is, HOW do we control these brainwaves?

And how can we influence them when we’re lying there unconscious at 4 am?

Well, before I get there, let’s take a step back.

The 4 Phases Of Sleep –
The Secret On How To Sleep
Less And Feel Better

We sleep in about 90-minute intervals.

Sleep for 6 hours? You’ll go through 4 full sleep cycles.

It might look like this:

Four Phase[6]

Within each sleep cycle, there are 4 stages…

And each stage is defined by the electrical activity in the brain which an EEG can measure:

Four Phase[7]

Stage 1 (N1) – this should only last a few minutes as it’s simply a gateway into and out of sleep. This is why you can only remember dreams for the first few minutes of waking up because you’re still in this mind state.

Stage 2 (N2) – on average, this can make up over 50% of your sleep and is defined by sleep spindles and k-complexes.

Stage 3 (N3) – is what we call deep sleep. The more time you spend in deep sleep the more rested and rejuvenated you’ll feel when you wake up. The problem is most people struggle to enter and stay in deep sleep long enough.

Stage 4 (N4) – this is the dream state. Normally, it’ll begin 90 minutes after you fall asleep and occur more frequently as you stay asleep.

If you were to record your sleep activity (which is the benefit of sleep devices like Oura) you might be as shocked as I was.

Most people wake up multiple times at night without even realizing it – going in and out of dream states. Almost as if they were starting the process all over again each time they woke up.

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…the weird thing is these sleep disturbances happen without your partner moving the bed, a child crying, or construction outside.

They can happen by both chemical and biological disturbances internally.

The same reasons why some people can never seem to get enough deep, restorative sleep.

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These results are far from rare.

Over 70 million Americans suffer from sleep problems[8]. And those are only the ones who are accounted for.

Most people “get by” without even knowing they have a sleep problem…

People who experience mystery symptoms like mood swings and weight gain...

So how do you take control of your sleep once and for all?

The Master Switch That Controls When
And How DEEP You Sleep…

If you’re struggling to fall asleep, this may be why.

The body’s circadian rhythm is controlled by a master switch in the hypothalamus called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN).

It tells your body when to get tired, fall asleep, eat, and even what time of day you're most productive.

Like I used to be, sleepless warriors are often suffering from an SCN misfiring.

Certainly, sleeping in on the weekend and waking up early during the week doesn’t help, but it goes much beyond that.

See the SCN is altered (and recalibrated) by zeitgebers.

Zeitgebers are external cues that regulate the SCN and the circadian rhythm.

Circadian rhythms and zeitgebers determine both the quality and quantity of sleep. They also control the transition between different sleep stages, which is crucial for maximizing your time in deep sleep.

The core four zeitgebers are:

light

Light

food

Food

exercise

Exercise

Light is the most impactful.

That’s why melatonin has become so popular as it acts as an artificial zeitgeber for light.

Naturally, the body only produces .3mg of melatonin throughout the night.

The average pill contains no less than 3mg, often up to 10mg, which is between 10-30x normal ranges.

Imagine if someone did the same thing with testosterone?

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We become desensitized to melatonin…

And our body can’t regulate how much melatonin is active during different stages of sleep…

testosterone

…which can cause abnormal sleep stages and grogginess in the morning.

So if not melatonin, then what?

Recalibrate Your Circadian
Rhythm,
Silence The Monkey Brain, And
Fall Into A Deep Sleep Almost Instantly…

The gabaergic system is the gateway to perfect, uninterrupted, restorative sleep.

See, there are two types of neurotransmitters in your brain.

#1 Excitatory neurotransmitters

– brain chemicals that will keep you alert, awake, and sensitive to stimuli. These include glutamate, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. But glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.

Sleep
#2 Inhibitory neurotransmitters

– these chemical messengers are mostly responsible for calming the mind and inducing sleep. The major inhibitory neurotransmitters are GABA (which is an amino acid) and serotonin (which is a powerful hormone that can also make you happy)

When you’re winding down for sleep, your body should activate these powerful inhibitory neurotransmitters to calm your mind.

And as you hit the pillow, they should inhibit neurons from firing, thus silencing your monkey brain and halting racing thoughts in their tracks.

Then when it’s time for your body to enter slow-wave, deep sleep, GABA can act as a catalyst to help your body naturally transition seamlessly from one sleep stage to another.

ThisL meta-analysis proved GABA achieves both:

#1 GABA reduces sleep latency (how long it takes to fall asleep)
#2 GABA increases the time spent in slow-wave deep sleep (delta)

This study showed that GABA increases sleep efficiency – so you can get the most out of every minute under the sheets.

…exactly what Silicon Valley, Wall Street, and top athletes are looking for.

The Forgotten Hormone That Intensifies Deep Sleep
And Multiplies Sleep Efficiency

GABA certainly isn’t a magic pill, nor does it work alone…

The “happy hormone” serotonin acts as a potent inhibitory neurotransmitter to calm the mind, and quickly transition your mind into a deep sleep.

Unlike GABA, you can’t directly supplement with serotonin. Instead, you have to rely on its precursors, like tryptophan.

Tryptophan is the reason people believe Thanksgiving turkey makes them sleepy. But to be honest, there’s only 200mg of tryptophan in a serving of turkey.

Then I discovered a nearly identical substance to serotonin in the body, 5-HTP.

Just look at this:

5-HTP

With very little effort, the body can easily and effortlessly turn 5-HTP into serotonin (5-HT).

But more importantly, you’re enabling your body to use serotonin at its discretion instead of outwardly intervening.

Because the principle I’ve learned after trying to force my body to sleep, focus, and build muscle is…

YOUR BODY KNOWS BEST.

And that’s why instead of forcing your body to act how you want it to with OTC sleep aids (that kill sleep efficiency) or hormones like melatonin…

The Key Is To Support Your
Body With The
Building
Blocks To Perform
At Its Best.

After spending over $45,000 on my sleep…

Adding this to my sleep routine has recalibrated my circadian rhythm, helped me fall asleep within minutes and shaved 3 FULL hours off my time in bed while drastically improving my sleep scores.

And it’s not just my sleep that has improved…

INTRODUCING...
SLEEP
BREAKTHROUGH
Sleep breakthrough bottle
Sleep Breakthrough is a meticulously formulated pre-bed drink designed to maximize sleep efficiency and get you to sleep FAST without a single microgram of melatonin.
Hand with sleep breakthrough
How does it work?
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Stimulates your body’s natural melatonin production (while avoiding grogginess the following day)

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Activates the GABAergic system and inhibitory neurotransmitters to calm the monkey mind so you can get to sleep fast

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Maximizes deep sleep with stimulation of delta brainwaves and optimal sleep nutrition

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Avoids sleep disturbances to intensify and lengthen deep sleep cycles (even if you’re short on time)

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Unlike other cheap alternatives, Sleep Breakthrough isn’t designed to “knock you out” at the expense of high-quality sleep. Alternatives often leave you wake up feeling groggy, unmotivated, and restless.

So What’s Inside?

Taurine

Taurine

Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is found in nature. It's concentrated most heavily in your brain, eyes, heart, and muscles.

You’ve probably seen Taurine on the label of energy drinks. Why? Because it helps counter the overstimulation from caffeine.

Taurine is a known relaxant.[9] It increases glycine (more on this in a minute) and GABA in the body which calms down your brain.

glycine

Glycine

Glycine is an amino acid that helps lower your core body temperature by increasing blood flow to your body's extremities. Lowering your body temperature is a crucial step for high quality deep sleep.

A recent study on glycine revealed that it causes a drop in body temperature while also promoting faster sleep onset and longer REM sleep duration. According to other research, adding glycine to your diet may help you enter deep, slow wave sleep more efficiently.

[10]

Three grams of glycine before bedtime improves sleep quality and reduces sleepiness and fatigue during the day in individuals with sleeplessness tendencies or restricted sleep time.[11][12] So basically you’re getting better sleep and zero grogginess the next day.

Calcium citrate

Calcium Citrate

Calcium citrate is a calcium salt that is easier to absorb than calcium carbonate but has less potency. Calcium is a vital mineral that helps the body's many systems function properly.

[13]

Calcium has been shown to play a critical role in the REM stage of sleep. It helps transform the amino acid tryptophan into serotonin which is a building block for melatonin.

A study published in 2013 [14] found that calcium helps those who struggle falling asleep and helps deliver a truly restful sleep.

An earlier study[15] published in the European Neurology Journal found that calcium levels are elevated in some of the deeper sleep cycles, such REM sleep. The study concluded that low levels of calcium can lead to sleep disruptions, which can ruin a good night’s rest.

Gaba

GABA

GABA, or gamma aminobutyric acid, is a naturally occurring amino acid that functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain..[16]

GABA is the “molecule of chill”. It’s a naturally occurring amino acid that functions as a calming neurotransmitter in the brain[17]

Low GABA activity in the body can result in poor sleep. In one study, GABA levels in people with sleep struggles were almost 30 percent lower than in people without the sleep disorder.

GABA reduces nervous system activity. According to research, it may be a viable alternative for promoting a healthy stress response, improving energy, and improving sleep[18]

Not all GABA is created equal. We tested every GABA on the market and the most powerful one is called PharmaGABA. The research data is impressive:

One study included people who had a high probability of a sleep disorder. Over the course of 3 weeks, they received 112 mg of PharmaGABA. Results showed that subjects who received PharmaGABA:

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Fell asleep faster and easier with the ability to move to a state of deep sleep quicker.

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Experienced increased valuable non-REM sleep.

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And consistently reported a more satisfying sleep experience upon waking. [19]

PharmaGABA creates a powerful "relaxation response," which helps you sleep better through the night. PharmaGABA is better absorbed than traditional GABA and when it binds to your GABA receptors, your nervous system calms down.

L-theanine

L-Theanine

L-theanine is an amino acid primarily found in green tea, black tea, and certain mushrooms. It’s been shown to promote relaxation, and improve sleep onset.[20]

L-theanine is one of my FAVORITE ingredients for better sleep. I’ve been using it for years and the body never adapts. It ALWAYS works. 200 mg is a great dose.

Researchers found that 200 mg of L-theanine increases alpha brain waves. This helps prepare you for a great night’s slumber. It helps CALM your brain down within 30 minutes. It quiets the monkey mind and pulls the hamsters off the running wheel.

Another benefit of L-Theanine is that it promotes relaxation without drowsiness.[21] This means you’ll wake in the morning feeling refreshed.

Zinc Orotate

Zinc Orotate

Zinc is another well researched mineral for sleep.

Zinc, melatonin, and magnesium were evaluated in a research study by Rondanelli et al. in 2011 on individuals with sleep struggle. While melatonin may have aided falling asleep, they believed that magnesium and zinc contributed to the restorative benefits of sleep.[22]

Zinc is important for the metabolism of melatonin (cofactor alert). It has a calming impact on the nervous system and is also known to aid in mental recuperation following stressful events

Fixing a Zinc deficiency will also aid men optimize their testosterone. One study examined the effects of a zinc and magnesium supplement. It showed that men who consumed 30 mg of zinc daily had higher levels of free testosterone than those who didn't.[23] Another trial put a group of elderly men who had a slight zinc deficiency on zinc supplements for six months. As a result, their serum testosterone levels had increased significantly after 24 weeks.[24] [25]

Magnesium Bis-glycinate

Magnesium Bis-glycinate

A 2012 double-blind randomized clinical research involving 46 senior with sleep struggles discovered that supplementing with magnesium bisglycinate increased melatonin and renin levels, as well as sleep time and efficiency. Magnesium bisglycinate supplementation also showed significant reductions in sleep onset latency, serum cortisol concentrations (a marker of how stressed someone feels), and sleep quality scores.[26]

P5p

P5P

P5P is an active form of vitamin B-6. P5P is a powerful coenzyme that helps convert more magnesium into serotonin which then helps us create more melatonin.

P5P also regulates the electrical functioning of your neurons, heart, and musculoskeletal system, which helps balance your salt levels. We will discuss the importance of those vital minerals for sleep in just a moment [27]

5 htp

5-HTP

5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is an amino acid produced by the human body. It's used by your body to make serotonin, which can then be converted into melatonin.[28]

Melatonin plays a huge role in regulating sleep. Melatonin levels increase at night to promote sleep and decrease when the sun comes up to help wake you up.

Therefore, supplementing with 5-HTP can help promote sleep by boosting melatonin production in your body.

One study showed that combining 5-HTP and GABA significantly reduced the time it took to fall asleep, and increased sleep quality and duration. [29]

SEE MORE INGREDIENTS

The BiOptimizers Promise

We only use clinically dosed, meticulously sourced ingredients that we trust with ourselves and our families. Both my business partner Wade and I have suffered from sleep issues for decades before we finally discovered what worked for both of us. After spending many months testing this formula on ourselves and dozens of other individuals of all ages, shapes, and sizes with profound effects as you saw above, we are finally ready to share it with you.

So if you want to optimize every minute you spend under the sheets, get to sleep faster, and wake up ready to take on the day…

Try it out

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Best in class
We’re So Confident Sleep Breakthrough
Will Work For You That We Unconditionally Guarantee It for 365 Days

Plus, our company — BiOptimizers — has been in business for 15 full years. We stand behind our products and guarantee that they will do what we say they do. 🌟

If you purchase Sleep Breakthrough and you are not completely satisfied, within 365 days you may request a full refund (minus shipping and handling cost).

Just contact us, let us know where we could be better, and we will issue you a refund (excluding any shipping and handling charges).

No questions asked.

The Choice Is Yours, Either Pay For The Coffee Or
Take This And Wake Up With Boundless Energy

I won’t put a price on sleep, nor should you.

If you’ve suffered from poor sleep for years or even decades like I did, then you would buy anything for a chance to get a good night's rest.

That’s how I quickly spent over $45,000 on my sleep.

And despite getting benefits from a lot of the “expensive” equipment…

Optimizing my pre-bed routine by:

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Activating my GABAergic system

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Stimulating my parasympathetic nervous system

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Shutting off my monkey brain (by turning off beta brainwaves)

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And feeding my brain with pre-sleep nutrition to optimize my deep sleep…

Has completely transformed my time asleep, for good.

All without abusing melatonin, becoming reliant on a sleep aid, or walking around like a zombie trying to run this company.

So for less than a trip to Starbucks or the cafe, you can start your morning with boundless energy and wake up ready to tackle your day.

Plus, you have nothing to lose.

If it doesn’t help improve your sleep, then you don’t pay.

So from someone who struggled with their sleep for over a decade, trust me, there’s nothing more impactful to your health than this…

K

Kyle A.

Star Star Star Star Star

“Fell asleep quicker than normal and had a sizable increase in deep sleep according to my Oura ring. Next day alertness relatively unaffected”.

D

Dawson G.

Star Star Star Star Star

Increased REM and deep sleep, feeling more rested, did not wake up as much throughout the night. Best I’ve tried so far. This is the only formula that has positively affected my REM sleep.

T

Tonya T.

Star Star Star Star Star

I tend to get a second wind later at night. Took Sleep Breakthrough, made me sleepy and I was able to overcome my second wind and get to bed. Have an Oura and my data was excellent across all parameters including deep sleep and REM sleep.

Matt gallant
Matt gallant signature

Matt Gallant, Bsc. Sc. Act/Kinesiologist

CEO/Co-Founder of BiOptimizers

P.S. Sleep Breakthrough has been a life changer for me. I have a very active mind and my biggest challenge oftentimes is wanting to go to bed. This formula makes me want to go to bed and sleep. Otherwise, I pass out on the couch.

[1] Grigg-Damberger MM, Ianakieva D. Poor Quality Control of Over-the-Counter Melatonin: What They Say Is Often Not What You Get. J Clin Sleep Med. 2017 Feb 15;13(2):163-165. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.6434. PMID: 28095978; PMCID: PMC5263069.

[2] Marshall, Lisa. “Melatonin Benefits, Risks: What You Need to Know.” WebMD, WebMD, 5 Oct. 2017, https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/news/20171004/is-natural-sleep-aid-melatonin-safe.

[3] “Sleep Disorders.” The Sleep Doctor, 4 Oct. 2022, https://www.sleepassociation.org/about-sleep/sleep-statistics.

[4] Jones, Jeffrey M. “In U.S., 40% Get Less than Recommended Amount of Sleep.” Gallup.com, Gallup, 4 June 2021, https://news.gallup.com/poll/166553/less-recommended-amount-sleep.aspx.

[5] Dobbs, David. “Zen Gamma.” Scientific American, Scientific American, 1 Apr. 2005, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/zen-gamma.

[6] “Miscellaneous.” GuideScroll, 17 Apr. 2010, https://guidescroll.com/2012/01/why-does-taking-a-nap-give-me-a-headache/.

[7] Learning, Lumen. “Introduction to Psychology.” Lumen, https://courses.lumenlearning.com/waymaker-psychology/chapter/stages-of-sleep/.

[8] “About Our Program - Sleep and Sleep Disorder.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 13 Sept. 2022, https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about_us.html.

[9] Schaffer S, Kim HW. Effects and Mechanisms of Taurine as a Therapeutic Agent. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2018 May 1;26(3):225-241. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.251. PMID: 29631391; PMCID: PMC5933890.

[10] Nagao K, Bannai M, Kawai N, Endo T.2007 Glycine decreases core body temperature in healthy volunteer Jap Soc Sleep Res The 32nd Annual Meeting of Japanese Society of Sleep Research: 1-S-017.

[11] Kawai N, Sakai N, Okuro M, Karakawa S, Tsuneyoshi Y, Kawasaki N, Takeda T, Bannai M, Nishino S. The sleep-promoting and hypothermic effects of glycine are mediated by NMDA receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015 May;40(6):1405-16. doi: 10.1038/npp.2014.326. Epub 2014 Dec 23. PMID: 25533534; PMCID: PMC4397399.

[12] Kawai N, Sakai N, Okuro M, Karakawa S, Tsuneyoshi Y, Kawasaki N, Takeda T, Bannai M, Nishino S. The sleep-promoting and hypothermic effects of glycine are mediated by NMDA receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015 May;40(6):1405-16. doi: 10.1038/npp.2014.326. Epub 2014 Dec 23. PMID: 25533534; PMCID: PMC4397399.

[13] Anastasia Climan, RDN. “What Is Calcium Citrate?” Verywell Health, Verywell Health, 13 Sept. 2022, https://www.verywellhealth.com/calcium-citrate-5083556.

[14] Grandner MA, Jackson N, Gerstner JR, Knutson KL. Sleep symptoms associated with intake of specific dietary nutrients. J Sleep Res. 2014 Feb;23(1):22-34. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12084. Epub 2013 Sep 2. PMID: 23992533; PMCID: PMC3866235.

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[16] Network, the Healthline Medical. “Gamma Aminobutyric Acid: Uses and Side Effects of GABA Supplement.” Healthline, Healthline Media, 8 Mar. 2019, https://www.healthline.com/health/gamma-aminobutyric-acid#takeaway.

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